Emission, Combustion and Performance Analysis of Neem Oil Methyl Ester Blends with Compressed Natural Gas in the presence of EGR

Hariram Venkatesan, Ravi Kathirvel, Vijayabalan Palanimuthu

Abstract


Towards the exertion of cutting down the environmental pollutant emissions and the consumption of fossil fuels considering fuel economy also, scientists have proposed different alternatives among which CNG consolidated with biodiesel fuel is one of the best surrogates to the traditional diesel fuel. The ultimate aim of this examination is to explore the characteristics of performance, emission and combustion pattern of biodiesel conditioned with a steady rate of CNG. Biodiesel is generated from a non-edible oil Neem as it eco-friendly and produces less lethal gasses contrasted with diesel fuels. The Neem oil is converted into a diesel engine compatible product called NME (Neem oil Methyl Ester) by transesterification process that decreases the free fatty acid (FFA) concentration to less than 1%. The resultant NME is mixed in different extents with pure diesel keeping in mind the end goal to get different biodiesel blends. A stable flow of compressed natural gas (CNG) is filtered, pressure regularized and inducted into the suction line by utilizing CNG injector. The biodiesel in conjunction with a consistent stream of CNG ensures extensive lessening in emission parameters. Brake specific energy consumption diminished massively with the biodiesel blends with CNG contrasted with neat diesel. The release of NOx, CO2 and smoke density are significantly decreased contrasted with neat diesel operation. By the expansion of EGR system into this setup, an augmented advantage in the lessening of emission of oxides of nitrogen is seen. The association of biodiesel blends with a consistent energy share of CNG and accompanied with EGR system enables enhanced characterization in the perspective of conservation of global eco system

Keywords


Bio-Energy

Full Text:

PDF

References


References

Hariram V, Seralathan S, Dinesh K M, Vasanthaseelan S and Sabareesh M. “Analyzing the fatty acid methyl esters profile of palm kernel biodiesel using GC/MS, NMR and FTIR techniques” Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9 (4), pp. 3122-3128. 2016.

Venkatesan H, Sivamani S, Premkumar T and Tharun P. Reduction of exhaust emissions using a nanometallic enriched lemongrass biodiesel blend” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, 39 (21), pp. 2065-2071, 2017.

Rudell B, Ledin M, Hammarstrom U, Stjernberg N, Lundback B. and Sandstrom T. “Effects on symptoms and lung function in humans experimentally exposed to diesel exhaust”, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53(10), pp.658-662, 1996.

Gangil S, Singh R., Bhavate P, Bhagat D and Modhera B. “Evaluation of engine performance and emission with methyl ester of Karanja oil’, Perspectives in Science 8(C) DOI:10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.040, 2016.

Papagiannakis R and Hountalas D. “Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a dual fuel compression ignition engine operated with pilot Diesel fuel and natural gas”, Energy Conversion and Management, 45(18-19), pp.2971-2987, 2004.

Paul A, Panua R, Debroy D and Bose P. “Effect of compressed natural gas dual fuel operation with diesel and Pongamia pinnata methyl ester (PPME) as pilot fuels on performance and emission characteristics of a CI (compression ignition) engine”, Energy,68, pp.495-509, 2014.

Senthilraja R, Sivakumar V, Thirugnanasambandham K and Nedunchezhian N. (2017). Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a dual fuel engine with Diesel–Ethanol – Cotton seed oil Methyl ester blends and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as fuel”, Energy, 112, pp. 899-907, 2016.

Barik D, Murugan S, Sivaram N, Baburaj E. and Shanmuga Sundaram P. “ Experimental investigation on the behavior of a direct injection diesel engine fueled with Karanja methyl ester-biogas dual fuel at different injection timings”, Energy, 118, pp.127-138, 2017.

Rupesh Patel L and Sankhavara C D. (2017). Biodiesel production from Karanja oil and its use in diesel engine: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,71, pp. 464-474 , 2017

Naik M, Meher L, Naik S and Das L. “Production of biodiesel from high free fatty acid Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oil. Biomass and Bioenergy”, 32(4), pp.354-357, 2008.

Nabi M, Hoque S and Akhter M. “Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) biodiesel production in Bangladesh, characterization of karanja biodiesel and its effect on diesel emissions’, Fuel Processing Technology, 90(9), pp.1080-1086, 2009.

Berchmans H and Hirata S. “Biodiesel production from crude Jatropha curcas L. seed oil with a high content of free fatty acids”, Bioresource Technology, 99(6), pp.1716-1721, 2008.

Firmansyah, Aziz A R A and Heikal M. (2015). “The combustion behavior of diesel/CNG mixtures in a constant volume combustion chamber”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 100, p.012032, 2015.

Mahesh Patil M and Arakerimath R R. (2015). “Analysis of Exhaust Emission, and Performance Characteristics of Single Cylinder CI Engine Fuelled with Palm Oil and CNG”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 04(01), pp.18556-18562, 2015.

Qi, D.H., Chen, H., Geng, L.M. and Bian, Y.Z.H. 2010. “Experimental studies on the combustion characteristics and performance of a direct injection engine fueled with biodiesel/diesel blends”, Energy Convers Manage, 51: 2985–92, 2010.

Banapurmatha N R,Tewari P G and Hosmath R S. 2008. “Performance and emission characteristics of a DI compression ignition engine operated on honge, jatropha and sesame oil methyl esters”, Renew Energy, 33(9), 1982 –8, 2008.

Agarwal A K and Dhar A. “Experimental investigations of performance, emission and combustion characteristics of Karanja oil blends fuelled DICI engine”, Renewable Energy, 52, pp.283-291,2013.

Enweremadu C and Rutto H. “Combustion, emission and engine performance characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel—A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(9), pp.2863-2873, 2010.

Papagiannakis R and Hountalas D. “Experimental investigation concerning the effect of natural gas percentage on performance and emissions of a DI dual fuel diesel engine”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 23(3), pp.353-365, 2003.

Dhar A and Agarwal A K. “Performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of Karanja biodiesel in a transportation engine”, Fuel, 119, pp.70-80, 2014.

Nantha Gopal K and Thundil Karupparaj R. “Effect of pongamia biodiesel on emission and combustion characteristics of DI compression ignition engine”, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 6 (1), pp. 297-305, 2015.

Carlucci A, de Risi A, Laforgia D and Naccarato F. (2008). “Experimental investigation and combustion analysis of a direct injection dual-fuel diesel–natural gas engine”, Energy, 33(2), pp.256-263, 2008.

Agarwal A K and Rajamanoharan K. “Experimental investigations of performance and emissions of Karanja oil and its blends in a single cylinder agricultural diesel engine”, Applied Energy, 86(1), pp.106-112, 2009.

Bhaskar K, Nagarajan G and Sampath S. “Optimization of FOME (fish oil methyl esters) blend and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) for simultaneous control of NOx and particulate matter emissions in diesel engines”, Energy, 62, pp.224-234, 2013.

Hariram V and Mohan K.G. “The effect of injection timing on combustion, performance and emission parameters with AOME blends as a fuel for compression ignition engine”. European Journal of Scientific Research, 79 (4), pp. 653-665, 2012.

Hariram V, Bose A and Seralathan S. “Dataset on optimized biodiesel production from seeds of Vitis vinifera using ANN, RSM and ANFIS”, Data in Brief, 25, art. no. 104298. 2019.

Saravanan N and Nagarajan G. “Performance and emission studies on port injection of hydrogen with varied flow rates with Diesel as an ignition source”, Applied Energy, 87(7), pp.2218-2229, 2010.

John G, Hariram V and Seralathan S. “Emission reduction using improved fuel properties of algal oil biodiesel and its blends” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, 40 (1), pp. 45-53, 2018.

Saravanan N and Nagarajan G. “Performance and emission study in manifold hydrogen injection with diesel as an ignition source for different start of injection. Renewable Energy”, 34(1), pp.328-334, 2009.

Hariram V and Bharathwaaj R. “Extraction and optimization of biodiesel yield from wax esters of apis melifera (Honey bee)” International Journal of ChemTech Research, 8 (9), art. no. A045, pp. 433-437, 2015




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v12i1.12707.g8396

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4